Aspirator or ventilator



2 Sheets-Sheet 1 S. COSTA. ASPIRATOR. 0R VENTILATOR.

(No Model.)

No. 475,010; Patented May 17,1892.

wi/lmmeo (No Model.) 2Sheets-Sheet 2.

S. COSTA.

ASPIRATOR 0R VBNTILATOR. I No. 475,010. Patented May 17, 1892 Afm m,

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SALVATORE COSTA, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

ASPI RATOR OR VENTI-LATO R.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 475,010, dated May 17, 1892.

Application filed April 15, 1891. Serial No. 388,996.

' Aspirators or Ventilators, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to drawings, forming apart of the same, wherein- Figure l isa rear elevation of my apparatus. Fig. 2 is a section on the plane 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a section on the plane 3 3 of Fig. 2.

My invention consists of an improved apparatusfor increasing the draft in chimney or analogous device and for preventing the smoke or other 111 atter from beingdriven down the chimney. Its more important features are a hood connected to the top of the chimney or flue and curved or oifset to one side thereof, an open-ended tube in communica-, tion with such hood and lying at right angles thereto, and certain deflecting devices made adjustable in their relation to the tube, all of which are hereinafter described in detail, and pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings, B represents the hood. This is made of galvanized iron or "any other suitable material and preferably the rear side curved or offset, as

in a single piece with the tube 0. The hood is made in the shape shown in Fig. 2, with shown, for the purpose of supporting the tube 0 at one side of the chimney instead of immediately over the chimney, and also for the purpose of bringing the opening between the hood and the tube near the top of the tube. The hood is provided with flanges b, which project down into the chimney, and thus hold the vein tilator in position on the chimney, and also with the flanges a, which rest upon and cover the top of the chimney-walls and aid in supporting the ventilator. These flanges aalso serve to protect the bricks and mortar of the top of the chimney from the action of the weather, and thus prevent the bricks from becoming loose by reason of the crumbling away of the mortar or its disintegration, due to rain or moisture. The hood is also provided with a manhole d to enable the hood and chimney to be cleaned.

In the best form of my invention the chima single piece C is made-of such (No model.)

ney-hood is made in such a manner that the area of a cross-section of the hood, showinga cross section of the passage-way through the hood, shall be equal to the area of the flue or fiues ofthe chimney. The opening from the hood into the tube is also made of an area chimney.

O is a tube, which is attached to and supequal to the area of the flue or flues of the i ported by the hood B. This'tube ismade of galvanized iron or other suitable material,

and, as already stated, is preferably made in with the hood B. The crosssection of this tube can be varied in form.

In the best form of my invention the tube a size that the area of a verticalsection of the said tube is equal to the area of the. flue or fines. For convenience andtopreventthe wind when blowing through it from rushing down the dues, as has been heretofore quite generally experienced in devices ofv this nature, the tube is made to project beyond the hood at each end fora distance equal to one and a third times thediameter of the tube. Thus when this device is in place the windrushing into one end of the tube at any angle will strike no internal obstacles, butwill rush out of the other end,

thus creating what may be termed a SllC',

tion or 'draft to draw the smoke or foul airor other gaseous matter out of the chimney and create and maintain a constant circulation in the part to be ventilated, orin the case of a chimney cause the fire to"draw well.

My device can easily be adapted to the vaneventilators that are position paralheld in a lel with thewind by means of a vane and that shiftwith every change of the wind, or to other classes of ventilators. Asa result of this construction the tube O is supported at one side of the chimney and not immediately above the flu es of the chimney, as in devices heretofore used. The advantages'of this feature are, first, that my ventilator can be usedv upon low buildings that stand immediately next to high ones, where if the ventilator-tube were immediately over the chimney, and hence close to the wall of the adjoining high building, the wind would be cut otf from it and it would consequently not operate satisfactorily, whereas my improved ventilator in such a case operates without difficulty, and,

- secondly,

to a chimney, I have the tube at that end.

that the wind is prevented thereby from blowing down directly into the chimneyfiues.

When the Ventilator is fitted permanently deflectors E placed at each end of the tube of the ventilator for the purpose of causingithe wind to pass into the tube when the wind is blowing in a direction which is not parallel with the axis of the tube. These deflectors are short tubes adapted to slide upon the end of the tube 0, and are provided with an opening which is partially protected bya projecting piece e. This piece e prevents the wind from blowing into the opening in the deflector in the wrong direction and causes the wind to pass into the opening in the deflector in such a manner or with such a direction as to produce or increase a draft in the tube toward the deflector and out of The deflectors E are thusrotatively adj ustableupon the tube 0.

In most parts of the country there are prevalent winds, and by employing this permanent ventilator with the deflector attachment,

as described, avery little adjusting is necessary. The wind, even if blowing-in the tube at an angle, cannot, on account'of the length of the said'tube, blow down the flue or lines. There is, moreover, a continual suction or draft in the lower part of the tube which cause's any draft which may tend down the chimney to change its direction or to so modify its forcethat'the rising smoke or impure air or gases will'be drawn out of thechimney- It is sometimes desirable'when my ventilator is permanentto use the deflectors E for increasing the draft in-the tube. Referring toFigs. 1 and 3, if the'wind is blowing directly toward the tube (at right angles thereto) the adjustable deflectors E may be brought into play. By turning the deflector so that its opening is turned in the direction from which the wind is blowing the wind will be caused to blow through the opening in the deflector and out through the flue or open end of the same deflector, thus producing or increasing the draft in the tube 0 toward the end where the deflector is placed. The ventilator will, however, act without these deflectors, as the passage of the wind past the open ends of the tube will suck the air or smoke or other matter out of the tube.

' When there is more than one flue in the chimney, it is convenient to remove the upper bricks of the partition wall or walls and allow a clear space at the top of the chimney and directly under the opening into the hood. In such acase the main part of the hood need not be made as large or nearly as large as the chimney, but need only be made of such a size that the area of the passage through the hood will be equal to the sum of the areas of the flues. In the construction just referred to the flanges a are made wider, so as to still cover the entire top of the chimney.

The main advantages of my invention are its simple and comparatively cheap construction and its adaptability to be .fitted to any size or shape or position of chimney and its efficient and reliable operation in causing a constant draft up the chimney or other device to which it is applied.

Having thus described my in vent ion, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent ' 1. An aspirator or ventilator 'for chimneys or flues, consisting of a hood adapted to be connected to the top of the chimney or flue and curved or offset to one side thereof and a horizontal tube open at-both ends and having a central openingin communication with said offset hood, said, tube being at right angles to said hood and of such length that its open ends will be sufficiently distant from its central communication'to prevent the Wind from blowing directly through either end and thence down the flue, substantially as described. I

2.-An aspirator or ventilator for chimneys or flues, consisting of a hood flanged at its lower end to fit and be secured to the top of the chimney or flue and curved or ofiset to one side at its upper end and a horizontal tube'connected at right angles so as to be at .one side of such hood,with an opening between them situated above thecenter of such tube, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. In an aspirator or ventilator, the combination, with the curved or offset hood and the main horizontal open-ended tube connected thereto, as described, of the deflecting dedistance about one-third greater than the diameter of the tube, and the deflectors E E,

hood into the tube atrotatively adjustable around the tube 0, substantially as shown and described.

SALVATORE COSTA. Witnesses:

ROBERT N. KENYON, CLARK BROOKS. 

